American Cinema in 1920

John Barrymore in John S. Robertson's Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde (1920)

Larger companies absorb smaller independent studios, laying the groundwork for the studio system.

The Mark of Zorro introduces athletic, realistic swordplay and stuntwork to the screen.

Oscar Micheaux's Within Our Gates, the earliest surviving feature made by an African-American filmmaker, is released.

Key films

Worldwide silent-film star, director and creator of the enduring Little Tramp.

Swashbuckling silent-screen star, producer and co-founder of United Artists.

Major silent-screen actress celebrated for her work with D. W. Griffith and later filmmakers.

Pioneering director whose narrative techniques shaped early feature filmmaking, amid a contested legacy.

Innovative silent-film comedian, actor and director celebrated for precise visual comedy.

Groundbreaking comedienne who played a major role in Keystone’s formative years.

“America’s Sweetheart,” a leading silent star, producer and co-founder of United Artists.